Preface.

The Authors.

1. The Nature of Effective Leadership.

Leadership: Fact and Myth.

Model of Flexible Leadership.

Origins of the Model.

Overview of the Book.

Conclusions.

Section I: Efficiency and Process Reliability.

2. The Challenge of Improving Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Examples of High Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Conditions Affecting Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Ways to Improve Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Conclusions.

3. Leadership Behaviors to Enhance Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Operational Planning.

Clarifying Roles and Objectives.

Monitoring Operations and Performance.

Solving Operational Problems.

Relationships Among the Behaviors.

Conclusions.

4. Programs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency and Process Reliability.

Quality and Process Improvement Programs.

Cost Reduction Programs.

Management Systems and Structural Forms.

Recognition and Reward Programs.

Conclusions.

Section II: Innovation and Adaptation.

5. The Challenge of Adapting to the External Environment.

Conditions Affecting the Importance of Adaptation.

Examples of Failure in Adaptation.

Examples of Successful Adaptation.

Reasons for Success and Failure.

Ways to Enhance Adaptations.

Conclusions.

6. Leader Behaviors to Enhance Adaptation.

Monitoring the Environment.

Strategic Planning.

Envisioning Change.

Building Support for Change.

Implementing Change.

Encouraging Innovative Thinking.

Facilitating Collective Learning.

Relationships Among Change-Oriented Behaviors.

Conclusions.

7. Programs, Systems, and Strategies for Enhancing Adaptation.

Intrepreneurship Programs.

External Benchmarking.

Programs for Understanding Customers.

Reward and Recognition Programs.

Collective Learning Practices.

Knowledge Management Systems.

Structural Forms to Facilitate Innovation.

Mergers, Acquisitions, and Strategic Alliances.

Conclusions.

Section III: Human Resources and Relations.

8. The Challenge of Managing Human Resources.

Conditions That Affect the Importance of Human Resources.

Implications of Strategy for Human Resources.

Examples of Good Human Relations.

Examples of Human Relations Problems.

Ways to Improve Human Resources and Relations.

Conclusions.

9. Leader Behaviors for Enhancing Human Resources.

Supporting.

Recognizing.

Developing.

Consulting.

Empowering.

Team Building.

Relationships Among the Behaviors.

Conclusions.

10. Programs and Management Systems for Enhancing Human Resources.

Human Resource Planning Systems.

Employee Development Programs.

Empowerment Programs.

Recognition, Award, and Benefit Programs.

Quality of Work Life Programs.

Orientation and Team-Building Programs.

Conclusions.

Section IV: Finding the Right Balance.

11. Multiple Challenges and Tradeoffs for Leaders.

Tradeoffs Among the Three Performance Determinants.

Changes in Performance Determinants.

Examples of Effective Balancing.

Other Tradeoffs for Leaders.

Conclusions.

12. The Path to Flexible Leadership.

Guidelines for Effective Leadership.

Competencies for Effective Leadership.

Conclusion: The Essence of Flexible Leadership.

Notes.

Index.